The research carried out focuses on university professors and the reasons why they do not regularly use digital technologies as a teaching-learning tool in the classroom. The identification of the barriers to this integration is a key aspect to study to achieve a global integration of technological resources in university classrooms. Identifying them and establishing the relationships of influence between them can facilitate their subsequent elimination through the implementation of appropriate facilitators.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the reasons for the lack of integration of ICT in teaching, explain why they occur and what phenomena explain their existence, in order to identify how to address and alleviate them. So the general objectives pursued with the research are: a) Delineate an explanatory model of the barriers of university professors to the use of ICT in teaching. b) Prepare a proposal that facilitates the integration of technologies in the performance of university teachers, in accordance with the barriers detected.
Based on the application of a sequential mixed methodology, a multiple case study is developed in four Catalan universities: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat de Lleida, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya and the Universitat de VIC. The techniques used to collect data have been the questionnaire, the interview and documentary analysis.
The results indicate that there are specific barriers to the integration of technologies, both personal and professional (internal barriers) and institutional and contextual (external barriers). The analyzes show significant correlations between some barriers as well as between some conditioning factors. To graphically show the relationships of the phenomenon, an explanatory model of barriers to the integration of technologies is developed. From the conclusions it is drawn that Information and Communication Technologies are still not used in university teaching due to the identified barriers. With the purpose of improving the integration of technologies, a plan for institutional improvement is proposed. This plan contains a self-assessment questionnaire to diagnose the use of ICT and the existing obstacles in an organization, a guided proposal on how to carry out the change process and a set of actions to be developed to eliminate the detected barriers.