Professional competencies of secondary school teachers in Chile. An analysis from the perceptions of those involved

The research we present is a descriptive – analytical arises from the following overall objective: to analyze the competencies, as perceived by secondary school teachers are required to provide better educational service to students entering secondary education. The study design includes two large blocks: the theoretical framework of context reference and applicative framework. In part, the theoretical framework of contextual reference, addresses the following topics: The organization of the Chilean educational system, raising awareness levels is organized, how to finance the entire education system, mechanisms of evaluation applied at different times of the educational process and characterization of practitioners, deepening those practicing in secondary school. In this first point, we intend to present the particularities of the Chilean educational system which is where teachers are called upon to perform their professional work. The professional competency of the secondary school teachers. This paper assumes that school teachers are professional educators, considering the contributions that are offered from the sociology of work and especially since an approach that has gradually been introduced also to the field of education: the approach competency. On this basis, the process is reflected both in theory and in practice have developed in some countries which directly or indirectly, have provided regarding the process implemented in Chile (U.S., UK, Spain). Finally, is disclosed by and large the process has been followed in Chile on the issue of initial and continuing training of teachers in secondary schools, showing the challenges in light of the limited research persist in the same. In the second part, within applications, describes the design and development of research, analysis of the results obtained, from which conclusions are drawn, the discussion among the study findings and what we collected in the contextual theoretical framework and some proposals that emerge from the process done. In the field study design assumed the objectives of the research and are makes clear the type of study that develops. It makes a journey to realize the population and, specifically, the study sample, the data collection instruments (development and validation process and reliability) and the incidents that occurred during the process. The result of this process is reflected in the questionnaire, the script of the interviews and focus groups. The analysis of the results follows from the data collected through the above instruments, information which is then tensioned by means of triangulation that allows comparing the information collected through the instruments and players informants. The research findings are a consequence of the results. In presenting these follow the logic of the specific research objectives: respect for the reference of powers developed, constructed questionnaire, perception of teachers on initial teacher training, accompaniment of the learning process, work in team of teachers, lifelong learning and innovation, thereby adding to other findings that show information not covered by specific objectives. Below is a discussion between the results and progress made towards some of the topics covered in this research. The discussion is organized as follows: with respect to disciplinary pedagogical training, disconnection between the process of initial training and practice in the contexts of secondary school, lack of teaching and learning strategies, the process of continuous training and innovation. Finally, proposals are structured on three levels: those directed to the process of initial teacher training, the process of professional induction of new teachers and the process of training and innovation.